THE END OF YOUR LIFE BOOK CLUB

The  weather here has turned.  Clear skies have given way to gray.  The cloud cover blankets the sky. Some  days the sky is streaked with thin wispy clouds and patches of blue sky . Other days, the clouds boil up from the horizon, sometimes white and sometimes edged in steel gray. They roll out to  the edges of the landscape like  lumpy batting tumbling out of a threadare quilt.

Today, I sat home alone.  There is no sky. Instead, a soupy haze of gray has enveloped the apartment building. No form or shape is visible from the many windows which look out onto the city.  The wind is furious as it lashes againt the worn sashes of the window and door frames.  The pelting rain knocks persistently at the kitchen window.

I am lying on the  couch, a comforter pulled up to my chin, feeling impossibly sad.  I have spent most of the day reading.  I have several books open at once; THE SOUL's JOURNEY, THE MAGIC OF REALITY, U-TURN and THE UNDERCOVER ECONOMIST.  None has been working for me.  So the other day I downloaded Will Schwalbe's THE END OF YOUR LIFE BOOK CLUB.  Today was the perfect day to finish it off.  I am not sure why I decided to sample it.  The premise is depressing. A  mother is diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in her early seventies.  She and her adult son form a book club of sorts, using books, poetry and short stories as a way to deepen their relationship with one another. Reading is a common passion they share.  Their books  unlock memories, stir controvery and awake consciousness.  The books they read togeher  provide the scaffolding for  intimate discussions that bring you into the bosom of this extraordinary woman and her family. As Will reflects on his mother's values, her accomplishments and the causes which she has championed, you can't help but wish that you had been in her circle of friends. It is an impressive circle.  She keeps company with artisits, educators, writers, political dowloades, refugees, students and scholars. She travels to forsaken war ravaged corners of the world, working  tirelessly to improve the lot of refugees. She has a longstanding marriage that ai close, but not smothering.  She is a doting grandmother and the architect of family celebrations.

This is the woman I had hoped to be.  Don't get me wrong.  It's not that I want to be exactly like In many ways, we are not that different.)   And it's not that I am unhappy with my life.  I am blessed. (Afterall, I have a  loving husband, three wonderful children, three healthy grandkids and a beautiful home in one of the prettiest towns in America.  I have seen  much of the world.  I have had a full career, plenty of hobbies and most important, good health.)

 But had I done a better job of it, I would have lived closer to my values. I would have been less fearful, bolder, with a stonger voice.  I would have accomplished more, with less stress.   I would have spoken out when I disagreed rather than trying to keep the peace.   Had I done that, I think all of my relationships would have been strengthened. I believe my family would be closer. Perhaps more than anything, I envied this woman the closeness she shared with her children and grandchildren. And the closeness they shared amongst each other.

I learned much from this book.  I related to Mary Ann's deep appreciation for other people's talents and the humility with she embraced her role as an audience member rather than star player.  I was reminded why my thirst for reading is insatiable and the many ways in which reading has enriched my own life.  I was reminded of my own mother, how much I love her and how much I would miss her if she were to die....in fact, how  much I would miss any of the people I love should they die.  I wondered about the legacy I will leave behind when my number is up. As Will said, " we are all dying."   So in the meantime, I plan to make a concerted effort to live well, and live closer to the beliefs and values that I hope will enrich my remaining years.  Surely books will still be a big part of that life (thanks to Will and Mary Ann my list of must-reads has grown substantially), but hopefully there will be so much more....and hopefully the sun will come out tomorrow!

YEAH OBAMA!

We watched Obama's acceptance speech around 9:00 in the morning as we sipped our daily Starbucks! It was 1:35 AM in Chicago.  I thought about staying up last night to track the voting results, (I am fascinated by John King's computerized play things) but faded a little after midnight.  It was probably better to wake up and get the news fresh.  At least that's how it felt to me!

We are lucky enought to get several English speaking news programs here (Bloomberg, CNN, BBC, Al Jazeera, EuroNews).  For weeks the US election had been center stage on all of them.   It is interesting to see how closely the rest of the world follows US politics, especially since Americans seem oblivious to most events outside their borders. International opinion clearly favored Obama and we too breathed a sigh of relief as news of his re-election swept the air-waves.   And even if you hate his politics ( I hate  to admit that my own family claims a few of those) you have to love his skill as an orator!

I will say, however, that the election process itself looks even more absurd from a distance.  How do you make a meaningful decision based on soundbites and marketing manipulation. When will someone figure out how to educate the American public on the facts, strip the sensationalism from the campaign process, and stop spewing meaningless rhetoric about a few emotionally charged issues? Perhaps a new Ted Turner will step forward and create a real news channel...one that digs deep, and shys away from the constant  repetition of a few headlines news stories interrupted by a constant steam of teasers and commercials for other shows that never deliver on their tauted promises. Isn't it time to walk away from the copycat format driving TV news? Doesn't anyone have the balls to strike out and try something different?

Nevertheless, it was certainly more meaningful to observe and celebrate the US democratic process from  our perspective as expats.  While  Turkey is a relatively Westernized country, with a very well educated,  liberal minded upper and upper middle class, it is clear that their free thinking has been hard won and is confined to those whi can afford a private education.  This is something I realize I have taken for granted and now better appreciate.   America is truly a state of mind; a free thinking mind that is endlessly curious and questioning.  We truly are a country that embraces diversity, encourages dissent and counts among its heros the rebels and upstarts that bring innovation and change forward.  That is not the really the case in much of the world. Obama's words rang truer as we listened from our couch in Ankara than they might have in our living room at home.

And while I love living abroad, there really is no place like home.

WILD MOUSE

Growing up near the Jersey Shore offered a seasonal opportunity to seek out thrills at the many carnival rides that dotted the boardwalks up and down the coast.  Early on, our Dad would have to accompany us on the scrambler and coasters, since my mother had zero tolerance for the dizzying spin and flashing lights of the amusement park.  But there came a time when we reached the height threshold for independence, and one of the first rides I took as a solo rider, was on the WILD MOUSE. It was a rickety contraption that sat precariously at the end of a pier, looking over the endless black mirror of the Atlantic Ocean.  It was a roller-coaster of sorts, but instead of the rounded hills and valleys and rolling curves of most coasters, THE WILD MOUSE was all angles and ninety-degree turns. You didn't travel in a train of links cars, but instead  piloted  through its maze in a bullet shaped single cart, that accentuated your vulnerability.  The awkward gears clunked loudly as you made its steep ascent, and then before plunging you into darkness, it would jerk you through a series of neck whipping turns.  The car barely seemed supported by the length of the track, and its rounded nose would inch out over the end of the scaffolding before the entire car would snap to the right or left and speed downhill. 

The architect of the WILD MOUSE, must have been the same one commissioned to build Turkey's underground parking garages. I used to think that the parking garages in NYC posed a navigational challenge.  By comparison, Ankara makes the access to a Kenny parking garages seem as wide as a California freeway. The down ramps are so steep that you lose sight of the road beneath you as you descend.  The turns are so tight that you have less than an inch of clearance on either side as you try to ease into the underground labyrinth. The walls are rainbow striped with the the multi-hued colors of the hundreds of cars that have attempted to scraped by but failed to do so without giving up a piece of themselves.  Dim lighting makes it difficult to find the directional signs that are  posted randomly.  Huge cement foundation pillars form a tight fisted grid that makes it impossible to ease into or out of individual parking spots.  The lanes between the the parking spots are narrow and barely able to make room for one car , but Turkish drivers try to wedge past each other anyway. Stuck on an exit ramp, with nary a quater inch of leeway to make the turn toward daylight, visions of the WILD MOUSE drifted into my consciousness.  Of course, at nine, I was seeking an adrenaline rush.  At fifty-nine, I just wanted to park the car without filing an insurance claim. 

LAST STOP, ALANYA

As we rolled into our final destination, The  rocky promontory in Alanya  which juts out from the Turkish Riviera, was bathed in the orange and purple light of the setting sun.  From a distance you could see the medieval castle walls that laced around and across the peninsula. Human settlements dating back as many as 20,000 years have been found in the caves surrounding Alanya, but the castle and its 140 towers date back to 700 BC, a fortification against pirates and marauding conquerors. It has been home to Hittites, Greeks, Romans, The Byzantine, Seljuks and Ottomans.  Cleopatra Beach is rumored to have been bequeathed to the famous Egyptian queen as part of her dowry from Mark Anthony. Today, it is a retirement mecca for Northern Europeans.  The turquoise sea laps at the long wide beaches stretching out on either side of the peninsula.  Mountains stand guard on the north flank. It was breathtaking.  

It appears that Alanya is developing according to a plan, unlike other Turkish cities which seem to be trying to overcome chaos.  For the most part, the hotels and apartment buildings under construction appeared to constrained by western-style building regulations.  We travelled along a road grid that was at least partially understandable. A broad corniche extended for miles, decorated with gardens, fountains, parks and cafes. It was one of the most attractive seaside towns we have encountered. Clearly, the folks from Scandinavia agree, as more than 10,000 of them make their home here.

Antalya was a beautiful end to our Mediterranean meanderings.  We toured the castle and old town at sunset.  The only glitch was was the access road.  You guessed it. ...another passage too narrow to accommodate the crush of tourists.  By the time we reached the pinnacle, we were tired from holding our breath.  And at the half way point on the way down, we sat for 20 minutes while a double decker tour bus tried to push its way through a skinny bottleneck in the road.  After 9 days in the mountain ranges fringing the Mediterranean, we had exhausted our tolerance for driving.

For the next two days, we stayed in a huge hotel at the far end of the eastern beach, which sat high on a hill overlooking the whole eastern shore of the city. While the hotel interior was a little worn from overuse, the outside amenities more than compensated for the threadbare towels.  The night of our arrival we took a poolside table on the deck overlooking the harbor.  Live entertainment and free drinks were part of the package. We sipped contentedly, enjoying the the distant lights and the moonlight dancing on Mediterranean. The singing and dancing  continued well past our own midnight curfew.

We spent the day lounging on the seaside deck, diving off the platform  and swimming in the aqua stillness of the sea.  A little shopping, a good meal and a premier league soccer at the sports bar brought our vacation to an end.  We were ready.

Ready, except for the drive home...6 hours to Ankara, and you guessed again...the first three hours were over and  through those damn Taurus mountains.  On the map, it was marked as a highway....lets just say that that terminology  exaggerated its functionality.  Perhaps we should have flown, but then think of all the adventures we might have missed.  For now, we are glad to be back in Ankara!

SUICIDAL SELGE

The florid sunrise heralded another day of rest.  We swam in the  warm but choppy waters at the foot of the Antalya cliffs. Like albino sea lions, we lounged with the other hotel guests on the terraced decks of our hotel.  In the late afternoon, we strolled the sidewalks of Antalya and  at night we drank tea under the moonlight in the stone alleyway of old town.  We were thankful for the day of leisure, because the next day we headed south to Anlanya, with a planned stop in Selge.( Truthfully, I planned, and Nabil reluctantly agreed. He had had enough of mountain trekking already).

Maps can be deceiving.  So can road signs.  A large brown highway marker announced our exit (we have come to rely on these because they are  consistently used  to lead folks to the treasure trove of attractions throughout Turkey),noting that Selge was another 55 kilometers.  We relaxed as a glance at the map and the voice of our Tom-Tom confirmed our route.

It would be the last relaxing moment of the next 5 hours.  After a few miles on a strait-away, we made a left turn onto a country road, that quickly began climbing and snaking through  the foothills of the Taurus Mountains in Koprülü Canyon National Park.  Again, we found ourselves bracing on the blind curves and fighting nausea from the dizzying views.  What had seemed like a short distance, now seemed interminable, despite the beauty surrounding us.  We climbed higher and higher and finally found another marker for the the canyon, which was not only a planned way point, but also the only way through to Selge.

Gravel gave way to dirt and the road narrowed as we leaned into a sharp curve.  Then it narrowed even more, as the walls of the canyon grew up around us.  There was barely an inch of clearance on either side of the car as we rounded another corner and inched our way across a stone bridge. Comically, this was a two-way road. Nearly a dozen cars were  waiting for us to pass so they could cross. The view point for the canyon offered a glimpse into a brilliant aquamarine river pooling at the base of steeping granite cliffs. The rock walls were decorated with long-needled pines and aspens whose autumn gold leaves fluttered in the soft breeze.  A handsome young Turk tried to sell us on a boat trip.  I was game, but Nabil was clearly losing patience and insisted we stay on plan and push on to Selge.  The river guide offered to jump in the car with us, to lead us through Selge, a strange offer which should have set off warning bells.  We chalked it up to overly aggressive salesmanship and climbed back into the car.

If the first leg of the trip was daunting, the second seemed suicidal. It was another 14 kilometers to Selge, but it felt like 140.  We dangled over cliffs on hairpin turns with no guard rails and scraped by boulders.  Donkeys and goats grazed on the shoulder, occasionally step out of bounds and forcing a quick maneuver to avoid killing the interloper.  With barely enough room for one car to ascend , we shared the road with passing cars that seemed to materialize out of thin air.  We climbed higher and higher into the mountain wilderness, with no sign of human habitation.  The dramatic views sucked the air from our gut.

Finally, we saw the ramshackle village of Altinkaya nested in the undulating hills at the crest of the mountain.  In the distance, scattered on the far left were the faint outlines of the monumental city ruins.  We thought we had arrived, but looks can be deceiving. Not a single sign announced our arrival and nothing marked the way to the site. We blindly bounced up and down through the rutted village roads, dead-ending  at animal closures and garden gates. On one pass, we asked for directions, and a young boy eagerly offered to jump in the car and act as our "representative" .  Again, this should have been a wake up call, but we are either supremely stubborn or naive, and didn't get the signal.

Without really knowing where we were or what to do, we pulled into a narrow patch of low lying weeds and before we could ask for directions, three young boys eagerly waived us out of the car and up a mountain pass. They didn't speak English ( we kicked ourselves for not bringing along the other "representative" who spoke beautifully) but enthusiastically joined us, pointing the way to the now visible ruins of Selge.  Nabil stridently pushed ahead with boys in tow, a subtle message that he was not enjoying our adventure.  I took up the rear, enjoying the views despite the obstacles we had overcome to get here.

As I walked, three peasant women ambled onto the path and struck up a conversation with me.  Their broken English was charming and unexpected.  Self-taught guides, Uma, Sina and Ashe glued themselves to my side,  sharing snippets about themselves, their children and the ruins of Selge.  Weathered by age, isolation and poverty these scrappers maneuvered like mountain goats.  Sure-footed they literally scampered over the rocks, while I wheezed and struggled to stay upright. With only a few teeth left in their broad smiles, they helped steady me on the steep climb. Deep wrinkles winked in their animated faces as they led me to a rest stop on the stone stadium seats of the remains of the Selge theater.

And then the selling started.  The women and the boys all pulled out small satchels jammed with cheap souvenir items, each hawking their wears with desperate eagerness.  They fingered their merchandise, displaying choice pieces priced at 5, 10 and 20 lira. I had no cash, and tried to explain that I wasn't interested, but they were relentless.  Instead of dispersing, they continued to pick their way through the rubble with us, occasionally pulling out their wares and making another plea for consideration.  By now I was overwhelmed with guilt.  Nabil had left me in the dust to contend with the harpies.

It took us about an hour to hike the mountain and survey the remains of this Roman city.  The village posse stuck with us the whole time. Despite, the beauty of the setting, it was hard to conceive of anyone wanting to settle in this remote inhospitable terrain.  It was obvious that the Altinkaya residents were struggling to eke out an existence.  The predecessor city of Selge clearly did a better job of overcoming natural obstacles, but eventually it too was beaten down by the challenges of a city site ill-suited to communal success.

When we finally stopped at a clearing near the end of the foot path, the  hawking intensified.  I pleaded with Nabil to make some token purchases, in part, feeling a responsibility to make a small contribution to the struggling economy of the village and in part, to thank them for their guidance.  (Though I must say, it would have been more enjoyable to take in the sights without being pestered by guilt).

Unfortunately, neither of us had our wallets with us and Nabil had only 50 lira in his pocket to split with six people.  We had no small change.  A heated debate ensued as the woman brandished the scarves I had chosen ( but really didn't need or want) as to who deserved what.  The boys also argued for their share as "lead guides".  We finally settled on a 15-10-10 split for the women  and asked the boys to split the remaining 15 lira between them.  One of the women made change, clearly more skilled as a merchant than the others. Incensed by their perceived unfairness of the spilt, the  boys stomped off, while the women carved up their booty and headed home to cook for their families.

We trudged back to the car, with Nabil far ahead and fuming. He had anticipated that our troubles were not yet over and he was right.  The boys had  lodged their complaint with their family, and now their parents and grandparents stood defiantly in the path to our car, arms folded and jaws set as they chastised us for not fairly compensating their sons.  Harsh words were exchanged though neither side really understand the others language.  Nabil overturned his empty pockets, threw down his remaining change and stomped off in anger. A momentary panic overtook us as we imagined the boys retaliating by sabotaging our vehicle. Question like, "How would we get out?" and "Who would find us?" swamped our imagination.

We found the car unharmed, climbed in and headed back out through the village to the mountain pass.  It was a tense and long descent.  I had been titillated  by the "authentic" experience, but Nabil was not buying into my quest. He was spent.

The return to the highway was long, but less challenging than the ascent.  Along the way, I spotted a restaurant by the rushing river and encouraged Nabil to stop for a bite to eat.  The restaurant was crude, but spotlessly clean.  The setting was magical.  After taking our order, the waiter scrambled down the bank of the river to pull our fish from a holding tank, where he killed, cleaned and grilled it.  Delicious.  We languished over a cup of tea, watching rafters paddle down the river and listening to the gentle rush of water spilling over the rocks.    The tension eased, life was good.

By late afternoon, we were back on the highway to Alanya, my newly acquired scarves fluttering on the back seat. The scarves aren't worth much but the memory of Selge is priceless.

SIDE BY THE SEA

After a day of rest in Antalya ( not really, because we walked the old town for hours, shopping at the antique stalls and snapping photos), on Thursday we decided to head east to SIDE (pronounced Sedah).  It was an easy and pleasant drive.  From the highway you could see the endless march of mega hotels that had sprouted up along the long coastline, many designed to hold 2-3000 guests.   Elaborate pools, water-parks and amusements poked through the skyline in an attempt to lure motorists into the lobbies of these Las Vegas like monoliths.

About an hour south, we took the SIDE exit. The weather was overcast, the sky and sea both gray.   The sea level road (yeah!) wound through an unremarkable town. We stopped at an equally unremarkable cafe and had a mediocre coffee and cheese pastry.  We geared ourselves up for disappointment.

Another mile or so down the road, we rounded a bend and the ruins of SIDE spread out before us in an incredible  display of stone walls and monuments. Reaching for a mile or more in  all directions, tumbling down to the sea, the remains of this seaside metropolis boggled the imagination.    No disappointment here.  Just amazement.  The ruins were sprawling, with many roads still well articulated. The theater, temples, baths and a hospital were all in remarkably good shape.  A modern corniche encircled the harbor.  The main shopping bazaar sliced through the ancient harbor thoroughfare. At the end of the road stood the remains of the Apollo and Athena  temples.  Throngs of tourists clustered at the base of the pillars while the surf lapped a the marble paving stones.

The Roman baths had been converted into a small museum with some notable relics, but nothing extraordinary.  The better part of the day was spent hiking the side roads and byways of the old city, and hike we did.  As the sun began to dip toward the horizon, we ate at a seaside cafe. the food and the view were both good, but not better than  the opportunity to get off our feet.  Before heading back to Antalya, we snagged some well priced leather goods and a few gifts for our friends back at the hotel.

PHASELIS...

Another cloudy day so, we headed southwest from Antalya, hugging the coast line and marveling at the views. Steep mountains emptying into the turquoise sea, freckled with large rock outcroppings.  Evergreens scented the air, while late blooming fall flowers spilled over window boxes and trellises.

The turn-off for Phaselis was about 45 minutes away and down (yes, a welcome change in direction!) a gradually sloping road through a pine forest to the edge of the sea.  The Lycian city is nested in cove encircled by three beautiful harbors. The aqueduct still stands like a guardian at the edge of the sea, creating a magnificent arched view through to the ocean.  The salt and sea have done a number on the buildings.  Little remains in tact.  However, the grounds are well marked and the city layout is clearly identified.  Most remarkable were the number of pediment bases lining the main street that leads from one end of the harbor to the next.  Standing at regular intervals along the walk, the bases are  etched with ancient accolades to the politicians and sportsmen whose accomplishments have long outlived them.  Wrestling was prominently featured, and we had a few good laughs about our own family's involvement with the sport.  Maybe in another time, the El-Hag wrestling dynasty would have been celebrated in carved marble. At least Nabil imagined that would be the case!

We spent a short time walking the grounds and much longer mesmerized by a fisherman tossing his line ( no pole, just a line)  out and then pull it in with two to three small sardines hanging onto the bread soaked hooks.  We watched a few brave swimmers leap from their boats into the water, some of whom swam to a landing dock not far from our rock perch. The water was warm, but the air chilly.  We waited for the sun, but it did not come, so ordered a cappuccino from the lone food stall near the parking lot.

On our way back, we took the Kemer exit and found ourselves in a small village that is predominantly populated by Scandinavian  expats.  We ate on the terrace of a small but lovely restaurant owned by a Turkish entrepreneur who spent 10 years training in the food business with Royal Caribbean Cruise Line.  He gave us the low down on living in The Antalya area, strongly encouraging us and any serious vacationer to consider booking at the small outlying towns that had sprung up along the east and west shores.  Sated on freshly grilled fish and organic greens, we walked the Kemer bazaar, buying a suitcase ( how will cart all our purchases back home?) and a pair of walking sandals (as you might imagine, we are hard on shoes!).

We returned to Antalya just as the sun broke through the clouds.  Dinner with friends capped off the day.

TERMINAL TERMESSOS

From our base camp in Antalya, we headed northwest to Termessos. A thin veil of clouds shielded the sun, but the day held promise and it seemed like ideal weather for a mountain excursion.  WRONG.  Termessos was a far greater challenge than Sagalossos.  Situated within a National park in the hollow of a a multi-peaked mountain at nearly 9000 feet, much of this  abandoned city has been reclaimed by the lush forest vegetation.

We hiked for nearly two hours and saw only a handful of other tourists.  The climbing was difficult.  Steep inclines, narrow paths and loose rocks made for rough going.  And then the rain came down. The moss covered rocks became slippery. Mud puddles formed. We tried to keep our footing as we stumbled on looking for the marked paths that had become overgrown with weeds. Of course, we had no rain gear.  Soaked to the bone, we had trouble seeing past the rain. We were too far in to turn back, just at the halfway point when the storm intensified.  Thunder and lightening threatened  in the distance. We questioned our sanity, but we persevered.

When  the clouds parted, we were rewarded. From the theater, which was carved into the hollow of the  highest point on the mountain, you could see for miles.  Clouds skittered across the top tier of carved stone seats. The commanding views were breathtaking. It was impossible to get a sense of the city layout from our ground view perspective, but it seemed to stretch for miles . The ruins of the buildings  were perched in the most precarious of places.  Tombs were carved out of the rock walls of the mountain cliffs.  Sarcophagi were scattered like dominoes that might have slipped off an overturned card table.  Everywhere there was evidence of the grandeur of this once important city, one of the few unconquered by Alexander on his march to greatness.

We picked our way carefully down the mountain, knees throbbing, backs aching.  Glad we came.  Gladder still to find ourselves back on firm ground.  Termessos might have been terminal. But at least we could have made use of the empty tombs!

SAGALOSSOS

After a restful sleep at the Barida, we woke to a light drizzle, cool winds and grey skies.  We were heading high into the Taurus mountains to see SAGALOSSOS, an archaeological site anchored by the village of  Ağlasun. Nabil, who prefers to vacation shirtless, was ill-prepared for the cold snap, so we headed to the local mall to buy  sweatshirts and long sleeve T-shirts.

Cozy in our newly acquired winter wear, we headed southwest, climbing higher and higher with each passing kilometer on the well marked highway.  We turned off at Ağlasun, rejoicing at having found our destınatıon with ease.

We celebrated too soon. From the base of the village to the entrance of SAGALOSSOS, we had to navigate several miles of switchbacks as the narrow road climbed steadily up and up and up to a height of ~5000 feet.  It was a white knuckle drive. Again, no markers, no guard rails, no center line and free-for-all driving regulations! A two tiered tour bus came barreling down the mountain and nearly slammed into us on a blind curve at the hemline of a steep gorge.  Nabil's lightening quick response saved us once again.  I have to applaud his driving skills.  Equally skilled at assertive and defensive maneuvers, he is well suited to drive among the crazies here.   As they say "it takes one to know one."

The entrance to the site was crude and a jumble of mega-tour busses, construction equipment and cars vied for parking space amid the potholes and rubble.  It was damp and chilly and we were grateful that we had the foresight to purchase warm clothes.  Many of people from the tour buses were shivering in their shorts and sandals and I could not have imagined myself in their shoes..literally!

The city of dreams sat on the crest of a mountain with magnificent views.  Extensive research and reconstruction was in progress.  The most impressive structure was the Nymphaeum, a fountain constructed in honor of Alexander the Great.  And it was here, that despite the wind and rain, Nabil stripped down once again, to strike a pose amid the statues of the gods and heroes of Sagalossos.  The man refuses to keep his  clothes on!  When he starts taking off his pants it will time to come home.

The artistry of the buildings and the scope of the city were mind boggling, especially considering the challenge of the ascent. The views were inspiring. The terrain difficult and the city built on terraces that climbed even further up the hill. It was an arduous hike through the ruins.

Over the next few days, we were to visit six more sites. Each  was uniquely situated, but there were common elements..wide streets featuring statues of prominent and famous citizens, public bath complexes of elaborate design with cold, warm and hot bathing facilities, theaters for entertainment and sporting functions, market places decorated with elaborate fountains, grand public buildings and private housing for both the gentry and commoners. Pillars, plaques and elevated statuary.  Cisterns and aqueducts.

How did they haul the materials needed to create these masterworks?  How could crude tools and equipment carved out such beauty?  How many people were required to erect such commanding buildings?  How did they conduct trade with other cities, without benefit of modern transportation? At some point in time, most of these cities were abandoned.  Many have been abandoned for more than a thousand years, some for hundreds.  Where did their citizens disperse? Why didn't they rebuild these cities?  At what point did people say, "no more?"


At every stop, these questions haunt us.  Is there a scenario when we too might choose to walk away? Could a hurricane like Sandy  break the spirit of whole cities.  What kind of disaster or "perfect storm"  would it really  take to force us to simply walk away and never return?

Trust Your Tom-Tom

The Muslim holiday of Bayram is a big deal here; a four day holiday during which almost everyone leaves for holiday.  So we left too to join our  friends in Antalya.  In order to take advantage of the many sightseeing opportunities along the way and on the coast, we decided to drive instead of fly.  We headed south with the intention of stopping at a small site about 90 minutes outside of Ankara, but the Tom-Tom was temperamental and we lost trust in the  guidance system.  Once on the road, our navigational system is our lifeline.  A momentary lost connection with the satellite signal can mean the difference between driving on a cow path or a highway.  This time we opted for the road not taken.  Maybe we are getting smarter. Or lazier?

In any case we pushed straight through to Psidian Antioch, a site in the foothills of the Taurus Mountains outside the village of Yalvac. Spread over several square miles are  scattered the remains of a 3000 year old city, famous for being the site of St. Paul's first sermon preaching the dogma of new Christianity. Ancient Turkey was the cook-pot for all the monotheistic  religions and it is fascinating to trace the trail of these enduring belief systems.  Ironically the more I bump into theological history, the less meaning  religion holds for me.

Psidian Antioch is under excavation, but for the most part, little remains of this once wealthy and important city. However, after viewing so many of these abandoned city sights, we are now familiar with urban planning circa 65 AD. We can literally read between the lines and see what is no longer there. Walking down the ancient paved roads surrounded by fallen pillars and temples which only hint at their former glory evokes a sense of awe and wonder that is addictive. Here, the past coexists with the present, whispering a reminder to be humble in the presence of the many wise and talented people who have walked this same path before you.  

We spent  a good  hour hiking around and through the city ruins, before we came upon the  lead archeologist and his crew.  A dashing Turk with glossy black curls he sat in director's chair barking orders to a crew of villagers sifting dirt and moving rocks. He had his interpreter call out to Nabil (as so many people do), commenting on his muscularity and healthy appearance.  He  wanted to know more about Nabil, so the two wannabe movie stars traded compliments through the interpreter.  If there had been some wet cement available, they might have both left their handprints on the Psidian Antioch walk of stars.

As we headed south to Isparta, the Tom-Tom encouraged a right turn through a small village at a major cross road on the highway.  We took the turn and found ourselves inching through the weekend bazaar, past the main square and then  heading down a dirt alleyway.  We consulted our map (a folded road map is a mandatory backup item on our travel list) and decided we didn't trust the GPS guidance.  We made a U-turn and eased back to the highway, feeling confident that we were better off traveling on main roads.  Big mistake.

Along the highway, there were only a few towns marked on the map, so we decided to duck into the next village we came across to grab something to eat. The village was small, with limited options.  We eventually found a sweet shop, but bypassed that in search of real sustenance and finally found a little hole in the wall luncheonette whose owner enthusiastically waived us in and seated us at one of six tiny tables.  His little one man show turned out two delicious wraps, filled with grilled meat, onions and parsley, accompanied by Shepherd's salad.  He was thrilled to be serving us and was intensely curious about our visit there.  He offered us tea ( the traditional topper for all good Turkish meals), but we opted to return to the sweet shop for baklava and Turkish coffee to steel ourselves for the balance of our drive.

Once on the highway, we gained confidence as we tracked our progress on our trusty map.  The mountains were getting steeper and the views more spectacular.  All seemed good until we realized that the highway to our destination was around the mountain instead of through the valley to Isparta. And then we hit the construction detour.  We spent an hour jangling over rutted gravel and dirt by-passes that hugged the narrow margins of the hillside without the benefit of signs and sometimes with no visibility.  Dust billowed up from the red dirt roads obscuring the view as we maneuvered the hairpin turns. It was an hour from hell and I am sure the Tom-Tom would have barked, " I told you so," if I had been willing to turn it back on.

Finally the car wheel grabbed onto smooth blacktop after a harrowing 90 minutes.  We drove  on through the mountains, hugging the shore of a huge lake that shimmered in the autumn sun.  At the southernmost tip of the lake a small city rose up in the distance and we decided to look for a tea shop to calm our jangled nerves.  As we pulled into our parking spot, we were overwhelmed by a strong sense  of deja vu.  A year ago, on our extended vacation in Turkey, we had stopped at the exact same rest stop with our tour guide.  As we sat on that terrace we couldn't help but reflect on the  unexpected turn of events that has  changed the course of our life in just one one year!

Dark clouds were gathering as we pulled into Isparta at dusk.  A light drizzle was falling and the wind whipped through the streets.  Bad weather was on the horizon, my first since arriving in Turkey four months ago. We stayed at the Barida hotel , a surprisingly luxurious property with a rooftop restaurant that sat nested between the mountains hunkered in the distance. Wrapped in blankets, we dined under the stars, staring out over the twinkling city lights before climbing into our "heavenly beds" to rest up for the adventures ahead....a rest we needed more than we could know at that time.

BOOKS A MILLION

Crouched on the floor next to my bed in a small yellow pool of illumination cast by the plastic night light meant to keep the boogie man away, I was reading long past bed time and my mother's last call for lights out. Reading has always been a passion.  The luxury of so much free time has unleashed the thirst to indulge, no really gorge on books. Internet downloads, paperbacks, dusty hardcovers scrounged in the antique shops of downtown Ankara ...an endless supply of information, stories, and crafty word smithing  keeping the wolves at bay.  Somehow reading seems purposeful, even when there is no end game. It is the one activity in which I can indulge without judging or evaluating its worthiness or connection to a larger purpose.  And so I am....

BUTTERFLIES ARE FREE TO FLY, by Stephen Davis is a free internet download from the I-tunes library that starts off with a bang.  It makes wonderful use of  internet technology, allowing you to click back and forth on links connecting you to Davis' experts, inspiration and references as they are introduced.  It was my first experience with an interactive book, a construct ideally suited to an impulsive curious mind that often forgets to follow up on the many "I want to know more about that" thoughts that pass through my Swiss cheese brain. In any case Davis weaves his case for a new age spirituality based on quantum physics, consciousness, eastern mysticism and a few edgy gurus, including Robert Scheinfeld, Jed McKenna and UG Krishnamurti. Much of this is  extremely interesting, especially the sections that delve in quantum consciousness. However, in his attempt to tie it all up and present a spiritual path to freedom and self realization, he turned me off.  It becomes a little too trite, a little to certain and in the end, merely brings us back to old ideas slightly repackaged in paper that is a little too flimsy for my taste.  Still, much of the  book was worthwhile and because of it my " must read" list is even longer. Reading has always been a passion.

WHY BE HAPPY WHEN YOU COULD BE NORMAL, by Jeanette Winterson is an autobiographical account of this well regarded British authors childhood as the adopted daughter of a malcontent and possibly crazy mother and a father who didn't have the balls to take a stand.  The writing is at once hilarious and poignant.  Jeanette is no pushover.  Stubborn, often defiant and unlikeable, she is is brutally honest in both her retelling and in dissecting the complex emotions that swim in the undercurrents of her life.  She writes like I think....in run on sentences, with choppy thoughts strung together i in unexpected chunks.  Lots of hyphens, dashes, parentheses and .....!

Early on, she lassoed me in with this:

"I know that she adopted me because she wanted a friend (she had none), and because I was like a flare sent out into the world - a way of saying that she was here- a kind of X marks the spot.
She hated being a nobody, and like all children, adopted or not, I have had to live out some of her un-lived life.  We do that for our parents--we really don't have a choice."


This is book that makes you look at the shame of being both a parent and a child, and the harm we do to one another in setting unreasonable expectations for each other in those confining roles. She also reminds you that life  is a gift, the blessing that we can't really fuck up, as long as we accept ourselves with all of our warts and scars. It is a testament to survival and the weedy nature of the creative drive to find meaning in a random world.

When I read this book, I thought of all the young mothers ( myself included) who feel that instinctual pull to give birth and who nurture not only the growing fetus inside, but the burning desire to feel unconditional love and validation.  Yes, mothers matter.  They matter because they are  life giving.  But we also steal  life away.  We bury the ugly parts of ourselves in  our children, burdening them with the responsibility to erase our past . We ask them to be what we could not be.  Sadly, the love we seek and the love we meter out is seldom unconditional. And while we may matter for a short time, we never matter in a way that shelters us  from loneliness.  In the end, mothering cannot  protect us from that. And neither can love.

Read it.  You will laugh, cry, ponder and wonder. You will realize that normal is really crazy and crazy is normal, and happiness is just a punctuation mark in the long paragraphs of a life lived in the moment.

LITTLE GIANT OF ABERDEEN COUNTY, by Tiffany Baker was a $3.99 discount offering in the I-tunes book store, that packs a premium punch. Afflicted  with acromegaly, Truly  lives in rural upstate NY in a small town where her freakish size and unattractiveness are  only exacerbated by the beauty of her diminutive sister, Serena Jane.   In a voice that captures the plain spoken observations of small town living, Truly lays her trap deftly, luring you deep inside her story of family secrets, death, abandonment, deception and rescue. Language perfectly pitched with descriptions that drill deep into the dirt of rural communities.  Baker' voice is full of hard-edges softened by the drone of flies and late summer sun.  Her characters are just that; some pinched and skinny, barely holding their ground, and others full-bodied and spilling over the pages.  A book that gently rocks your soul, slowly exploring family ties bound with white lies and purposeful deceit, its wisdom slowly leaching from its pages.  Nearly tied up in bow at the end, I wanted to spread a blanket and picnic with Truly, Marcus and Bobbie and drink in a little bit of the hard won happiness.

READING LIST

THE LONG WALK, by Brian Castner is an unsettling read of the physical and mental toll of the Iraq war (and all war) on soldiers and their families.  It is a raw, honest retelling of the adrenaline rush of battle, the addiction living on the edge, an ode to fallen heroes and failed morality.  It brings the battle for peace of mind right into the center of your heart.  It will make you feel the CRAZY. If you are a yogini, it will bring you back to your mat.  Thumbs up.

LOST CHANCES

Our original intent was to spend the weekend in Germany traveling the Romantic Road, a highway that traces the old Roman trading routes winding through medieval villages and castle grounds. But after a day  of business travel and meetings and a rather disappointing tour through Augsburg, the launch point of our motoring itinerary, we decided to reorganize and returned to Munich, since we had barely scraped the surface of its rich history.  So glad we did!

But first, we stopped off to eat in an old farmhouse restaurant serving traditional German food.  My mother's family hails from Bavaria and a quick scan of the restaurant decor brought back a flood of memories for me.  Red gingham curtains just like the ones that hung in my grandmothers kitchen.  The same carved wood plaques and iron trivets decorating the walls.  Knickknacks in the cupboard. Sauerbraten on the menu, along with potato dumplings.  ( I ordered it, but it couldn't hold a candle to my grandmother's recipe.) It was both comforting and unsettling to realize that I was sitting within spitting distance of ancestral homelands and dining with their ghosts.

The next morning, our first stop was Olympic Park, a beautiful landscaped oasis on the north side of the city that housed the 1968 Olympics. Because of the Egyptian boycott, Nabil missed his second shot at an Olympic medal in Munich.  Forty four years later we wandered the park trying to imagine what his then twenty-one year old self might have been doing, thinking and feeling,  and how his life might have differed if he had indeed had a chance to compete again.

Of course there is no possible way to place yourself in the past.  Time and experience permanently alter us. Flooded with knowledge of both the world  and self, how can you reverse engineer an unfiltered experience of a past that never happened.  There was the realization, that in the end, the only thing that matters is what did happen. There are so many times when we think we might have made a different choice or voiced a different opinion, or had a chance at a different opportunity.  But in the end, we are shaped by the road taken and it is a one way street. It leads us deeper into the experience of life, building us up one layer at a time.  Padded with emotional baggage and carrying the burden of our egos, we can only hope that we are able to lighten the load by gracefully accepting that which is, rather than what might have been.

From the park, we headed into Marienplatz, the center of the Munich old town. A sea of bobbing heads met us as we entered through the old city gates.  Cobblestone streets lined with the residences of kings and their court are now lined with side walk cafes and designer boutiques.  Museums claim prime real estate that once housed government councils.  On the periphery of old town, a food and flower stalls overflowed into a riot of color. Locals and tourists gathered at long picnic tables, raising their beer steins in an endless series of toasts to the good life.  It is appears to be a very good life.  The city is clean,well maintained, safe and affluent.  The population is handsome and well built. Everyone bikes everywhere. We decided we liked everything about Munich, except German food.

We capped off the night with a Vietnamese feast in a small restaurant in the bohemian section of the city. The food was exceptional, the ambiance funky.  We ate crispy fish and basil duck.

On our last day, we spent the morning touring the Nymphemburg Palace, the summer residence of the bavarian electorate in Munich.   The palace was magnificent and the grounds even more so.  Unfortunately, the weather soured and a steady rain made it impossible to wander the gardens and smaller palaces tucked inside them.

Instead, we took in two of the national museums close to old town,  viewing an exhibit on the gods of mythology.  Afterwards, we ducked into a tourist trap of a restaurant for our farewell meal of sausages and pork roast, reaffirming that we liked everything about Munch except German cuisine!

A snarl of traffic met us on the way to the airport.   Tired and eager to find our way back to our Ankara routine, we fought the panic rising between us.   No need to worry.  The German GPS system recognized the stalled traffic and rerouted us safely to our destination. Oh, those Germans engineers.  I hope its in the genes!

MUNICH TOUCHDOWN

Our arrival is Munich coincided with the final week of Octoberfest, unplanned but welcome serendipity.  German is everything that Turkey is not.  Clean lines, crisp direction, finished details.  No crumbling curbs and unfinished sidewalks here. Bike paths run parallel to every roadway.  The underground system is efficient and traffic moves predictably (though with frightening speed). The GPS system in our rented BMW anticipated every small detail of our route from airport to hotel. everything in German is engineered, though surprisingly with ease of living as its end goal. Munich is ranked 4th in the world for best quality of city living.

Our touchdown in western Europe felt as if we had slipped into a pair of well worn shoes....comfortable, familiar and not too fussy. After unpacking and getting our bearings, we walked  a short distance to a street lined with an international array of restaurant options. We chose RUAN THAI, and had a wonderful meal along with the company of the restaurant owner, a Thai expat, with an encyclopedic knowledge of fine wines and a working knowledge of five languages.  After dinner, we wisely turned in early, though slept fitfully because of of overfull stomachs.

Our first outing was to Dachau, a small town about 40 kilometers northwest of the city, with the ignominious distinction as the birth of Germany's first and longest functioning concentration camp.  The town itself is charming, the center still laced with cobblestone streets and village shops leading to an old palace that stands guard over a commanding view of Munich and the surrounding countryside.  The fist floor of the palace has been reclaimed by a restaurant that serves both daily visitors as well as attendees for the special events often held on the now empty upper floors.  The architecture was magnificent with huge arched windows opening onto the grounds. The gardens were lush with the last of the fall bloom.  After a quick tour and a walk through the town, we drove to the camp site on the outskirts of the city. I wondered how the residents of this charming village must feel as flocks of people arrived to view the scar of their history.

The visit was sobering.  The sky turned gray and the weather chill as we pulled into the parking lot. We felt less like tourists here, and more a part of a remembering.

The entire complex is awash in putty colored buildings separated by huge expanses of gray gravel walkways and squares.  The sign placards are in greyscale.  Everything speaks of death.  A quiet hangs over the place, despite the throngs of visitors.  Entrance to the DACHAU camp is free, but we elected to purchase a guided tour and we were lucky to get an English expat with a nose for detailed human interest stories along with facts and dates. The camp was constructed as a place to detain and torture political prisoners and dissenters were threatening Hitler's bid  to solidify his power base, and not specifically to eradicate Jews.  In fact, there was a complex  hierarchy at the camp, and while Jews languished at the bottom of the pecking order, blacks, Eastern Europeans, Greeks, and a host of other sub groups were systematically tortured and eradicated at Dachau. It was also interesting to learn that a relatively small SS force supervised the sprawling camp, enlisting other prisoners to do their bidding, by trading on a system of privileges and punishments that tapped into humanities most basic instincts for survival.  The ovens and gas chamber still stand as do several of the barracks which at the end of the war were packed with the skeletal remains of nearly 40,000 desperate and despairing prisoners. Piles of bodies stood outside the warehouse waiting to be burned.  Fuel supplies were low, both for those who needed to fed and those requiring burial.  Museum exhibits have moved into the main building, where showers, meals and punishments were once metered out.  The guard house still marks the boundary of the camp entrance and the prison building hidden from view stretches out like a long walk through hell.  The military layout of camp offered few places to hide.   With with the help of our guide, it was easy to reconstruct the misery of living and dying there.

The day grew colder, the sky darker.  A light rain fell just as our tour guide wrapped up, and the group filtered back to their cars, heads hung low.  Sobering.  Shameful.  And a reminder of the atrocities that are often committed in a grab for power in desperate times.

We drove  back to the hotel in a reflective mood, and showered  to refresh our bodies and spirit. The chandeliers in Il Paladino, a small Italian restaurant twinkled across the square from our hotel and somehow the comfort of pasta seemed like the ideal antidote to our emotionally draining morning.  As the  silky smoothness of the spinach egg soup first course slipped into our bellies, we knew we had chosen wisely.  Food, service and ambience were all perfect, the idealized romantic European trattoria.

Too full to sit, and too early to sleep, we decided to walk, and headed south into the unknown, enjoying the cool October evening.  Within a few blocks, we saw the carnival lights of Octoberfest beckoning.  Of course, we answered the call.  Octoberfest is the South Jersey boardwalk on steroids.  Beer consumption is the primary activity. All else is secondary. The beer tents and gardens open at 11:00 in the morning. A sea of people is packed into each tent, singing and swaying to pumped up bands playing German folk music and American  rock and roll. The last draft is drawn at midnight.

An enormous ferris wheel anchors the complex, which is  studded with a wild  array of dare devil experiences that challenge the drunks to test their balance and bravery. The smell of sausage and sauerkraut, roasted chicken, and pretzels compete with cinnamon buns, chocolate and crepes. Bands of friends weave through carnival games, souvenir stands and strong man competitions, emptying their wallets and occasionally the contents of their stomachs.  Pools of beer and vomit puddle under the high flying swings and coasters.  It is an international party for adults who have never grown up.   The hosts are recognized by their traditional German costumes: the men in short sueded knickers with suspenders, the women spilling their bosoms out of gingham peasant dresses. It was a hoot...and an awkward and unexpected contrast to our somber morning. But then we are used to contradictions.....

SNOW DROPS

I picked  up A.D. Miller's, SNOW DROPS, because I loved the first line, and because it was short listed for the Man Booker Prize. One of their selections, THE BOOK OF PI, is one of my all time favorite books.

SNOW DROPS is a spare novel that digs into the corruption of modern Russia, uncovering dead bodies, deals gone sour and cast of characters who have lost their moral compass.  Nicholas, a London expat working as a lawyer for an investment bank, is at its center.  Written as a confession to his future wife, the story slowly reveals his willing particaption in  a scheme in which he sacrificed his morals for the possibility of passion.  It is a subtle unveiling. There is no defining moment, just a slow shrugging off of what he knows to be right, in the hope that he can have what he wants.  It is a layered novel stripped of pretense.  With a surgeons precision Miller dissects complex themes with simple language.

In the end, knowing his culpability, he admits his guilt, but also owns his regret, not for having succumbed to temptation, but for the thrill of the chase and for the things that made him feel alive.  For the walking dead who feel guilt for having broken the rules in order to find their way back to the living, Nick's confession will not alleviate the pain, but will let you know you are in good company.

Urfa

Twenty minutes west of Gobekli Teki lies Urfa, the third largest city in the region and famous for being the birthplace of Abraham, the father of western monotheistic religions and red peppers.  No sure if there is a connection there,  but I will tell you the  food was hot as hell.

Our first stop was lunch (no chance of slimming down on this trip). We ate inside an enclosed two-level courtyard open to the sky and centered by a beautiful fountain spewing a steady trickle of water into an aquamarine pool. Other than dessert, it  was the only cool thing about our lunch. We had spicy yogurt soup, spicy kebabs, eggplant and roasted peppers stuffed with a spicy rice mixture....and if things weren't spicy enough for your taste, an assortment of red peppers with varying heat indexes were served on the side.

After our "last supper" we went to visit a famous 1,000 year old mosque, which had once been a church...I don't remember why it was  famous...there are just too many religious sites to track.  What I do remember is that the caretaker had wedged a pair of old shoes in the belfry windows, to keep the pigeons from roosting there and shitting on the walkway. Ingenious!

We walked through the streets heading to Abraham's birthplace and the lake which was supposedly created when King Nemrut attempted to set Abraham afire. In a miraculous turn of luck, the fire turned to water, and a lake with holy fishes appeared on the very spot where he  was to meet his demise.  The lake with its swarms of holy fish now stands not far from the caves where he was purportedly born.

On the way, we ran into  a wedding party.  A parade of family and friends encircled the young bride and groom.  The whole entourage marched and danced in the streets accompanied by their own musicians.  As we walked beside them, they invited Nabil into the circle of their celebration hooting and hollering as he shimmied and pranced with the best of them.  Soon after, a huge dump truck lumbered down the street, heaped with furniture, housewares and bundles of clothes and linens.  This was the bride's dowry.  The truck pull up to her new home and another swarm of young Turks began unloading the bounty and ferrying into the house.  Later that evening, our parting image was of the same young couple entering a local hotel for the kind of traditional wedding celebration you might see at any US holiday inn.

We made another stop at a famous madrasah, one which was  built on the remains of a pagan worship site.  (Another reminder of the layer upon layer of beliefs stacked up in this corner of the world where people seem astonishingly comfortable with marrying  past traditions with  modern living.)

The Abraham complex sat at the foot of a sheer rock cliff. Landscaped and lined with souvenir shops and restaurants, it had the feel of a small amusement park, without the rides. The lake was more like a concrete pool, lined with broad walkways and benches.  The fish swimming in it were grey, slimy looking creatures that swarmed to the surface as people threw sprays of fish food onto the holy waters.  The inside of their greedy mouths were the color of the yellow fat that clings to raw chicken thighs and gaped open as they jockeyed for position to receive their communion.

A wooden barrier had been constructed to wall off the entrance to the cave, and there was  a side for women and a side for men.  The vestibule was lined with shoes and smelled of dirty feet and dank earth.  Fluorescent lights flickered and lit the way to a small room at its end which opened into the cave.  Women in head scarves prostrated themselves on the dirty floor, fingering prayer beads and muttering prayers.  A plastic divider walled off the sacred spot on the cave floor where the baby Abraham was birthed. The water in a small well behind the plexiglass shimmered green in the artificial lights.  A thin film of dust and dead insects floated on its surface. I couldn't breathe and made a quick escape.

Jews, Christians and Muslims all hold Abraham in high esteem. Millions make the pilgrimage to Urfa to pay his respects.  It is hard to imagine that this place could be a source of solace or inspiration to anyone, and even harder to believe that that from these early stories and legends millions of followers had been swayed and convinced of the divinity of the teachings that followed. I felt deeply disappointed in the gullibility of the human population and emotionally drained.

We spent our last hour hunting down bargains in the old bazaar.  When we could spend no more, we drank Turkish coffee in an open air shop crowded with old men playing cards and backgammon. We were done! Life's big spiritual questions faded into the background as we looked forward to our return flight from Urfa to Ankara.

GOBEKLI TEPE

Our final day in southern Turkey began with a two hour bus ride across the endless Anatolian plains and fields of peppers, squash and cotton.  Our destination was Gobekli Tepe,  an archeological dig that has  rewritten the timeline on the development of civilization. The Neolithic find dates back to 10,000 BC.  The carved stone monuments sit in an open wound at the crest of a mound. A team of German archaeologists, led by Klaus Schmidt, have slowly scraped away the earth to reveal what is thought be a burial and worship site for an early hunter:gatherer civilization.  Huge stone figures carved with human and animal markings rise up from the bedrock.  These monoliths are planted in circular hives, nesting close to one another.   Once erected,  the original builders buried these monuments, perhaps for protection, or as part of some ritual belief.

Lucky for us, Schmidt was on site with his team when we arrived. He personally led our group through the dig.  They have been excavating for more than 18 years. Progress is slow.  The project is expensive.  The excavating is limited to spring and the fall when the weather moderates. The work cannot be completed in one lifetime.

Dressed in loose clothes, head scarves and a film of dust and sweat, the laborers, students and experts at work are nearly indistinguishable from one another.  They chip away at thousands of years of compacted dirt with small hand shovels, and then sift through it to find their clues. This giant jigsaw puzzle of our past comes without a cover picture to guide its re-assembly.  It requires encyclopedic knowledge, endless patience and the mind of a crime scene investigator.

We learned that the now barren land which stretched endlessly out from our hilltop view had once been covered in lush forests and fertile farmlands.  Over thousands of years, man had gnawed it to the bone. For all that time, man has been creating stories, building temples, and  naming gods, struggling to make sense of the cycle of birth and death. The stories and the names of the gods have changed countless times, but we are still we are searching.

MIDYAT MUSINGS

On day two, we spent the morning tripping over torn up streets and revisiting the sights in Mardin, capped off by a luncheon marking the end of the Biennial.   We stepped through wooden doors  into a beautifully restored building to enjoy an outstanding meal of traditional Mardin cuisine; an oasis of beauty amid the rubble. The owner was a woman who had defied all odds, resisting the oppression of women in her culture to become a successful entrepreneur. She was running not one, but three restaurants, including one in Istanbul. She shared her journey  with us in a short welcome speech, moving the group to tears and applause.  As I've shared in previous posts, Turkey is a country of contrasts and full of surprises.  Even amid the most conservative and most traditional communities,  you'll find cosmopolitan rule breakers who defy stereotyping.

The people on tour with us were an eclectic bunch, including several well-traveled artists, writers and business owners. There were couples, a few divorced women, and a few married women traveling solo.  Most spoke at least some English and many were fluent. Most had lived abroad. Their children were all enrolled in top schools in the states. They were incredibly individualistic in their views on spirituality and religion, women's roles in society, and the changing international landscape in politics, education and business.

Traveling with these global citizens made me realize how limiting our US orientation can be, and how much we miss because of our dominant position on the world stage.  It is as if the view from the top has obscured our need to look from side to side or behind us.  Our conversations in Mardin made me wonder if the next generation of kids in the US are hungry enough, or have enough curiosity to remain competitive in a global economy.    If a small and developing country like Turkey is successfully grooming its children to be multi-lingual and cross culturally educated and are securing top spots in  institutions like MIT, Berkeley and Stanford, what is happening in China, India and Brazil?  I think a year of education abroad should be mandatory for US college students.

In the afternoon, we travelled to Midyat, another small city renowned for its jewelry making trade. As old and as storied as Mardin, it lives in its shadow.  We arrived close  to dusk, so had only a short time to wander the stone alleys and climb through the markets.  Still it was immaculate, stark and hushed in the fading light.  It seemed as if time had stopped and the world outside the walls had fallen away.  It made me wonder what Mardin might have looked like if its seams had not been ripped open.

We bought some wonderful trinkets for a song, then headed to  another beautifully restored hotel and restaurant, bathed in golden flood lights under a sky decorated with an oversized orange moon.   We on the rooftop terrace in the company of new friends. Across the way, a family watched the festivities from their own rooftop perch, then hunkered down behind a curtain made from rags drawn across their open doorway.  Again, there was the contrast; modern luxury and desperate poverty separated only by a narrow strip of empty space between two concrete rooftops.

Dinner was followed by a concert. The singer, Guvenç Dağuston, was accompanied by a fabulous violinist and two other musicians.  He had an incredible range and repertoire, including American jazz and pop. As the night grew longer, he broke into a rousing rendition of Turkish favorites.  Nearly everyone in a crowd of almost two hundred took to the dance floor, pounding and swaying and singing along to songs memorized in countless family celebrations. Their enjoyment of the music was contagious. The singing and dancing carried on long past midnight, before we staggered onto the bus. They danced in the aisles all the way back to the hotel. It was a magical night.

MARDIN MAYHEM

A week before Nabil's 65th birthday, we were surprised with the gift of a company-paid trip to Southeastern Turkey. We traveled with ArtTour, a company that had  arranged the itinerary, in part to participate in the Mardin Biennial, a contemporary arts festival that aimed to bring international recognition to this fascinating city situated in the farthest southeastern corner of Turkey.  Mardin was on our must-see list and so we were thrilled to join this group of art aficionados, though somewhat worried about Mardin's proximity to the Iraq and Syrian borders.

Mardin is as old as dirt. The old city sits atop an arid hilltop overlooking the Mesopotamian plains.  Supposedly, it is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Aramaic, the language of Jesus, is still spoken there.  So is Turkish and Arabic (which opened a world of possibilities for Nabil to connect with the locals).  It is one of the most culturally diverse cities in this region, home to Assyrians, Jews, Christians, Arabs, Kurds and Turks. Despite the rumors of political unrest, Mardin's population is remarkably tolerant of each other's differences.

Unfortunately for us, the city was in the throws of major reconstruction.  The streets had all been disemboweled.  Piles of dirt, cobblestones and garbage  were heaped in unceremonious piles.  Dust swirled through the air and painted everything a translucent shade of rosy beige. I suspect it will take years to try to put the city back together. Between the heat (an unbearable 95 in the shade even in late September) and the filth, it was difficult to appreciate the architecture of the old city.  There were glimpses of what could have been enjoyed; stone-walled alleys pocked with ancient wooden doors, shady courtyards sheltering huge extended families, roof-top sleeping terraces to escape the sweltering summer heat, hidden passageways leading from one level of the hill-town to the next, beautiful stonework, old churches and mosques, donkeys laden with cargo and a parade of locals dressed in a stunning array of traditional costumes. (Costumes to us, normal daywear to them!)

The concept of the Biennial was interesting and the goal commendable,  but the implementation was lacking.  The primary goal was to bring world attention to Mardin's unique history and architecture (already recognized as a deserving UNESCO World Heritage site, but a distinction the locals failed to appreciate.  They turned down the offer to work with UNESCO to revitalize the city and now have to fund it themselves.) The second goal was to showcase contemporary artists and have them develop unique art installations inspired by the daily lives of the people of Mardin in situ. This meant trekking through the streets to view art installations in tea houses, vegetable markets, blacksmith and barber shops.  This  might have worked if the streets weren't almost impassable and the art worth seeing. While the promoters were keen on revealing the collective thought process of the contemporary artist,  the artists themselves seemed to have skimped on their investments in time, talent and materials.  Multi-media seemed to dominate and almost nothing resonated.  Still it was fun being part of an international "happening", and we made some great friends on the tour.

As part of the itinerary, we were invited to the opening GALA of the Biennial to be attended by the artists, organizers, local and regional dignitaries, and some of Turkey's wealthiest art patrons.  We were told the event was formal.  Not trusting the definition of formal, we consulted with several people and were told several times that we needed to dress formally.  Doubting the practicality of slopping through construction debris in formal wear, we again consulted the tour organizers who confirmed that it was indeed "formal".  So despite our misgivings, we got tripped out; Nabil in his best black suit and me in a floor length  gown.   I must say we looked great!  We headed to the lobby to meet the group, only to find everyone waiting for our bus, dressed in sandals, summer dresses and jeans. Of course, no one wanted to make us feel uncomfortable and all tried to ignore how ridiculous we looked.  We chalked the mistake up to the language barrier, had a few belly laughs with our new friends,  stripped back into our casual wear, and headed to the "gala"'.  The event was held on the rooftop patio of  a beautiful old madrasah, where we drank local wine under a star filled sky and watched the invitees try to muster enthusiasm for artwork that paled in comparison to the beauty of the setting.

FOER says "fa'getta bout it!"

My memory has always been erratic. All through school, I had easy recall of facts figures and concepts. I could recall numbers and important business details with little effort and astonishing accuracy, especially when the stakes were high.  But the details of my life are sketchy.  I don't remember much about the day I got married, or when my kids were born.  I can't recall much about high school or college. I can't remember the name of the movie I saw yesterday, or the book I read last week and I lose my glasses and car keys with annoying  regularity.

So when I saw Josh Foer's book, MOONWALKING WITH EINSTEIN, I grabbed it, hoping to get some guidance on sharpening my memory.  What I got was a whole lot more!  The book is  clever and well written.  It is packed with a wealth of information, from the intricacies of neuroscience to the absurdities of esoteric competition, to the history of the transmission of knowledge. You'll learn about chicken sexing ( more than you'll want to know) and chess and why they are  similar.  You become intimate with amnesiacs and savants, and familiar with ancient scholars and politicians. And you will be challenged to examine where you have  drawn the line on your own performance capabilities.

Foer's own journey into the mastery of memory raises philosophical questions that he handles with honest self-reflection and sly humor.  He pokes fun at himself and our common human failings while raising serious issue regarding time, energy and values. He examines the past and looks out into the future. The book is loaded with facts and anecdotes, but reads like a novel.  He packs a whollop in just 270 pages.

I am not sure I will make the effort to improve my memory, but I certainly know more about how I could do that if I wanted to.  And more importantly, I now have more insight into why I will probably take the lazy way out.  But I do know if  I had been a journalist, I would have wanted to write a book like this one. 

Midas City

After breakfast in Afryon, we headed to the outlet mall for a quick shopping spree.  Nabil nabbed several shirts. (I doubt you will see him wearing any of them when viewing our pictures as he prefers shirtless photos!) I, on the other hand, was not so lucky. The weather is turning cool and I only packed summer gear, so am in need of winter wear. I went from store to store in search of boots or closed toe shoes. Apparently very few Turkish women have big feet.  The largest shoe size I found was an 8, far too small for my 9.5 size feet. In fact, most clothes here are geared for women with a more petite frame, and women of all ages and sizes love to wear tight fitting clothes and high heels.  I am struggling to find retailers that cater to my bohemian style and that can accommodate my Germanic frame.

After a Starbucks coffee, we prepared for the last leg of our sightseeing tour, fired up the Tom-Tom and turned north in search of Midas City.  Again, within a few miles, we found ourselves on a desolate country road, traveling past vast expanses of recently mowed fields. Occasionally we would bump into a village, with mud brick homes and chickens wandering on the rutted narrow streets.  Peasants dressed in long skirts and shawls would turn away and scurry into back alleys to avoid eye contact with us.  We couldn't help but stare. After a few hundred yards, we would emerge onto a another stretch of country road, hoping against hope that we could trust the GPS guidance.

The flat lands gave way to rocky promontories and hill country, covered in scrubby shrubbery and pines. Tiny dirt roads marked by weathered signs announced our arrival at small villages and we cheered each time we could match the name to those highlighted on our marked up map.  Eventually we pulled into Yazikilay, where the remains of Midas City stand guard over a cluster of mud huts, crumbling stone walls and bleating cows.  We pulled into a grass enclosure marked as the OTOPARK.  I opened the car door and stepped out barely missing a freshly laid clump of cow manure.

The town mayor came out of the city hall, which did double duty as the tourist office to enthusiastically welcome us.  Despite several missing teeth. His smile was warm and he spoke surprisingly good English as well as fluent German.  He gave us an overview of the  history of the area as well as the layout of the site and sent us off and up the mountain to discover it on our own. Midas City was the spiritual center of the Phrygian Empire, and is most well known for a huge rock face wall carving that stands thirty meters high and overlooks the village of Yazikilay. The monument which was undergoing repairs, was hidden behind a huge scaffold.

We were disappointed but grateful for the opportunity to stretch our legs, so headed up the hill behind the monument for an extended view of the area. The hike was challenging but not too strenuous and the weather ideal.  We saw a few carved rock faces, and lots and lots of circular indentations that looked like they were meant to hold some kind of smudge pots.   Eventually we came across a few placards which pointed us to the rock tombs and cisterns.  Only then did we really begin to appreciate Midas City, with its  eerie tombs carved deep into the bedrock of the mountain, and a clever system of carved stone gullies and cisterns that must have shuttled water to its residents.  We sat on the stairs hammered out of stone looking down into these man made caves, marveling at the ingenuity and persistence of the human race.  There was a potent charge in the air, as if all the thousands of years that had passed since Midas City had been built had collapsed and for a minute it felt as if we could almost touch and see the
past.  After a long pause, we traced our way back to the rock wall monument, bumping into an elderly German couple debating the merits of struggling up the hill.  We encouraged them to persist and them returned to our car, stopping first to eat a handful of ripe cherries growing in the trees surrounding the OTOPARK.  We thanked the mayor, made a small contribution to the city building fund  and headed north in a plume of dust.

The ride home was uneventful. We made good time, stopping once for Turkish coffee, and again in Polatli to pick up some of the yogurt we had liked so much. We had driven 18 hours in three days, and visited six locations.  There were no arguments and only one short-lived anxiety attack. Maybe we haven't mastered Turkey, but we are certainly miles ahead of of where we started a few months ago!

Aphrodisias

Bolstered by the smooth sailing of the previous day, we ventured another 2 hours south to Aphrodisias.  We over-reached.  Our Tom-Tom navigator got tripped up on road construction detours.  We found ourselves deep into farmland bumping along a dirt road in the middle of nowhere.  When we finally rolled onto a paved section of road we sighed in relief and stopped at the first gas station for directions.

First, you need to know that gas stations, coffee houses and restaurants are gathering places for men. So when we pulled up to the station and went looking for help, we found a half dozen eager men crowding around our map, trying to decipher both it and our English. We spent  ten minutes going back and forth, watching them debate each other and trying to follow their hand gestures and map scribbles.  Tempers wore thin as each tried to assert themselves as the final decision maker.  There was shouting, head shaking and hand waving.  Nabil was in the thick of it.  A testosterone driven cluster fuck.

Finally, with minimal confidence, we made a U-turn and headed down a new stretch of highway. It was my first experience with the Turkish male " group think"', but it was not going to be our last!  

The highway signs soon verified that we were back on course and we thought we were out of the woods.  However, the turn off to Aphrodisias led us onto a treacherous mountain path that was being transformed into a major roadway.  We drove for miles in a dust cloud  navigating pot holes, construction ruts and blind curves. Finally we saw a town in the distance, and thought we were home safe again.  WRONG!  The road led us right into the center of a small obscure town on market day.  It was a filthy little town, littered with plastic bottles and garbage. Tented market stalls lined the streets spilling their shabby wears onto the curb.  Hundreds of people were milling about, while  rusty cars, old trucks and worn bikes tried to out maneuver each other.  We sweated our way through the market, weaving around and between the cars and people wondering where the hell we were.

And the just as suddenly we were out of the town and careening down a steep hill that overlooked a wide expanse of farm land and fields below.  We needed gas, so pulled into a gas station near the top of the hill.  Not just a gas station, but a super station.  We were offered free tea and bottled water, and encouraged to rest in electric massage chairs overlooking the valley, while they filled our tank and washed our car free of charge.  A full service snack bar was available inside the station along with spotlessly clean restrooms with Western style toilets!  This is the beauty of Turkey...never knowing what you might encounter.  You have to be open to everything and afraid of nothing!

Gassed up, watered and fed, we climbed back into the car and travelled the last few miles to our next discovery.  When we arrived, we were directed to park in the "Otopark", where one lone tour bus and a few cars baked in the sun.  We were told to  climb into a trolley car that would take us to the entrance of the Aphrodisias complex.  It was blistering hot, so we were grateful for the lift, but were the only passengers on board.  The trolley car was attached to a tractor which labored to pull us across the highway.  As we lumbered down the entrance road, comparing our transport to the Disney World shuttle buses, we chuckled and wondered whether our tour of  Aphrodisias would be worth the trouble of getting there.

We needn't have worried.  A Hellenistic and Roman city named for the goddess of beauty, it is a reflection of its namesake.  While much of the city was destroyed by earthquakes in the 4th and 7th centuries, what does remain, hints at a city of unusual splendor, marked by extraordinary sculptures and intricate carvings.  It is also the site of one of the largest and best preserved ancient sports stadiums said to have seated over 30,000 spectators.  One end of the stadium had been modified for contests between gladiators and wild beasts.  It is still possible to see the differentiation between that section of the stadium and that reserved for more traditional sport.  We spent two hours wandering  the grounds, hooking up for a time with a tour group and their guide, and then splintering off on our own again.  The sites were well marked with placards offering great details about the construction of the city as well as day to day life there.

The cultural depth of this country is overwhelming. After a while you begin to think, that no matter where you step, it is likely that you are standing over another civilization.  Any patch of land offers the possibility of some hidden treasure.  Just dig down a few inches and you are sure to find some relic of the past. We feel humble here....so conscious of our mortality and insignificance.

Again, as  lone passengers, we were scooped up by the trolley and dropped off at our car.  We stopped at a restaurant not far down the road and enjoyed a leisurely meal served by a lonely 40 something waiter who had just been jilted by his British girlfriend.  He told us war stories of desperate widowed or divorced European women seeking companionship in the coastal resorts of Turkey.  Early blooming romances most often died on the vine, as the women were taken for their money by young gigolos. He was funny and sad and philosophical.  He had been taken by his lady friend in a quirky reversal of fate.

An eight hour return trip waited us.  We stocked up on water and headed north, our newly washed car already freckled with dust.  By the time darkness settled, we could barely see the road way.  Dead bugs and dirt had formed a crust on the windshield. We stopped at another gas station, in need of windshield wiper fluid.  Again, not one attendant, but four guys came out to help.  All four consulted on how to open  the hood.  Two watched as one poured. The fourth offered us tea. You have to love  the unexpected hospitality and generosity of the Turkish people.

We decided that we would  try to make it home, but if we found it too daunting, we would stop in Afryon and sleep there for the night.  Who were we kidding?   Of course we stayed the night in Afryon.  We arrived there fully spent, having driven two of the last four hours in total darkness, battling night vision and Turkish drivers.  We slept in a "heavenly bed" after a bathing in the marble tub and laughed at the contrast between our luxury digs and the hotels that lined the dirt roads of Pamukkale.....

COTTON CASTLE

We've spent much of the last two weeks on the road with little time or energy for reflection or writing.  Now its time to catch up.

On Nabil's return from Istanbul, we  decided to strike out on our own to see Pamukkale, considered one of the 10 most amazing geographical formations in the world, and a World Heritage Site. It is nearly a seven hour drive from Ankara, so we marked up our map, packed the Tom-Tom and an overnight bag and hit the road.

With a few months of driving experience under our belt and a better sense of the idiosyncrasies of Turkey, we set out with a growing sense of confidence in our ability to navigate not just the roads, but all things Turkish.   We took a detour about 90 minutes east of Ankara to a small village outside of Polaltli, where an archaeological dig has unearthed the burial mound of King Midas (yes, the legendary king renowned for his ability to turn everything he touched into gold!  We drove through miles of field where migrant workers were harvesting onions and potatoes,  before arriving at a small museum centered around the burial site.  Deep inside the earth, we viewed a massive wooden tomb, that looked like a petrified log cabin that still smelled of fresh cedar. Midas was apparently a Phrygian monarch, who lived more than 3,000 years ago and the museum did a terrific job of detailing the history of his people and showcasing their artifacts.  We spent a few minutes bargaining with a souvenir hawker and then meandered down the road to view another open dig site that was baking in the high noon sun.

Hot and hungry, we stopped for lunch in Polatli, working class town near the highway, and enjoyed a traditional Turkish meal of kebabs, rice, salad and yogurt.  The yogurt was exceptional, made fresh on the premises.  It was thick and creamy, with a thin crust of hardened milk solids.  We sipped Turkish coffee and ate honey soaked pastry as we chatted with the owner before pushing off to Pamukale, the meaning of which is COTTON CASTLE.

The modern highways are well marked  and we passed our milestones with increasing ease as the broad rolling plains of the dry plateau  gave way to steeper hills dotted with farm fields and evergreen patches. Highway construction was the only challenge we faced.  Periodically we would hit a stretch of road that was being repaired or widened, and we would be shuttled to the side of the highway that was temporarily delegated for handling two way traffic.  Sharing the road with Turkish drivers who see nothing wrong with passing on blind curves or driving the wrong way on the shoulder of the road does raise your stress level.  Still we plowed through the gravel stretches with relative ease and made it to the halfway point in Afryon in no time.  After miles and miles of rural villages and vast plains, Afryon emerged as  a glistening commercial oasis centered around a bustling outlet mall anchored by a Starbucks!  We stopped for coffee, basking in the comfort of franchised  familiarity, and then took off to try to reach our destination before sunset.

Within ten minutes, we drove past another village with houses fashioned out of mud bricks and people sitting on dirt floors watching their chickens scratch out a meal outside their front door.  The striking contrast of modern and traditional living side by side never ceases to amaze me.

The hills turned to mountains.  The forests grew more dense. We trucked along without once getting lost and pulled into Pamukale just as dusk was settling on the town.

We stayed in a small bed and breakfast tended by a local woman and her family. Luckily she spoke fluent English as well as German and Turkish.  Our rooms were not luxurious, but comfortable and spotlessly clean.  The proprietor encouraged us to walk up to the cotton cliffs before the sun set.  Needing to stretch our legs after spending the better part of the day in the car, we took her advice and snaked our way through the dusty streets  to the Nature Park centered beneath the cliffs encrusted in sparkling white calcium carbonate.  A blue green man-made lake captured the water from the thermal streams above and served as the focal point of the park.  Souvenir stands, restaurants and flocks of ducks, swans and geese edged the lake.

Pamukkale long been considered a center for healing, with ancient Romans and Greeks having built a spectacular hilltop city above the thermal waters. From the vantage point below the cliffs, the city was obscured, but the cliffs shimmered in the moonlight.  Spotlights illuminated the thermal pools and as the sun set, the people wading on through them formed giant shadow puppet forms against the screen of the mountain wall.  It was beautiful and eerie. The illusory winter wonderland scene flowed down the mountain to meet the dry dusty concrete of a summer night.

We stayed for a while, enjoying the view, trying to re-align our confused senses, then headed into the village, resisting the restauranteurs who begged us to try their cuisine and poking into a few of the small shops bedecked with tourist trinkets. We strolled back to our hotel.  Though hoards of tourist come by bus to visit the area, the town is dirty and decrepit. It could be charming but it is not.  Many of the local hotels are run down, and marginal at best. We felt fortunate to have chosen one of the better ones.  We walked past locals slouched on plastic chairs grouped in small circles, with cigarette smoke encircling their heads.  Some looked sinister and others bored.  All looked unwelcoming as if they were annoyed by their responsibility host the strangers wandering their village.

After a few wrong turns, we finally found our hotel, where a home cooked dinner awaited. We indeed felt fortunate to have stumbled on this oasis of hospitality in an otherwise desperate and indifferent setting.    We drank beer and  feasted on salad, lentil soup, and chicken and vegetable served over rice, followed by baklava with ice cream and tea.  Tired and on a full stomach we rolled into bed and were asleep before 10:00.

We were up before sunrise and headed to the hilltop to explore Heirapolis and the thermal pools before the crowds from the tour buses arrived.  We drove up to the South entrance and parked, and it wasn't until we walked through the ticket gates that we could appreciate the grandeur of this old city or the beauty of its setting.  The remains of the city were spread for miles a across the broad expanse of a mountain top.  An ancient theater, public bathroom, tombs, agora, thermal baths, and various monuments and cathedrals  littered the mountain.  The skeletal remains of roadways and building foundations hinted at the overall city plan.  The city boundary was marked by the cliff, where volcanic waters sprouted from deep inside the earth, and spilled over into pools and eddies  formed by a build up of calcium carbonate clinging to rock formations on the flanks of the hillside. We waded in the water and trekked for hours through the ruins, marveling at the sophistication of the ancient architects of the city.  We applauded the  Russian tourists sauntering through the complex in their swim wear; the women wearing bikinis that barely encased their ample breasts and wide hips, the men leading with their bloated bellies. Totally un-self conscious! We imagined Cleopatra wading into the healing waters.  We felt sad thinking about that so many lives lost to history and  wondered how much of our own cities would survive an earthquake.

We returned to our hotel for a late breakfast of eggs, cheese, olives and home-baked bread, settled our bill (less than $60 for room and board for the two of us) and then headed south to Aphrodisias. There is a seemingly endless supply of historical sites tempting us to drive on....